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|status = Retired |sites = Baikonur |launches = 2 |success = 1 |fail = 1 |first = 15 May 1987 |last = 15 November 1988 |stagedata = }} Energia ((ロシア語:Энергия), , "Energy") was a Soviet rocket that was designed by NPO Energia to serve as a heavy-lift expendable launch system as well as a booster for the Buran spacecraft. Control system main developer enterprise was the NPO "Electropribor".〔(Krivonosov, Khartron: Computers for rocket guidance systems )〕〔(Control systems for intercontinental ballistic missiles and launch vehicles )〕 The Energia used four strap-on boosters each powered by a four-chamber RD-170 engine burning kerosene/LOX, and a central core stage with 4 one-chamber RD-0120 (11D122) engines fueled by liquid hydrogen/LOX.〔Russian Space Web, (Energia ) page. Accessed 21 September 2010〕 The launch system had two functionally different operational variants: ''Energia-Polyus'', the initial test configuration, in which the Polyus system was used as a final stage to put the payload into orbit, and ''Energia-Buran'',〔Bart Hendrickx and Bert Vis, ''Energiya-Buran: The Soviet Space Shuttle'' (Springer Praxis Books, 2007) (Link )〕 in which the Buran spacecraft was the payload and the source of the orbit insertion impulse. The rocket had the capacity to place about 100 tonnes in Low Earth orbit, up to 20 tonnes to geostationary orbit and up to 32 tonnes to a translunar trajectory.〔 == History == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Energia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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